Zobrazeno 1 - 10
of 24
pro vyhledávání: '"N.R. Rafferty"'
Publikováno v:
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 13:59-67
MI heating cable, when properly applied, has proven to provide many years of service. The considerations provided in this article can help to eliminate common mistakes that lead to short service life.
Publikováno v:
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 8:50-56
In the past, electrical heat tracing has been thought of as a minor addition to plant utilities. Today, it is recognized as a critical subsystem to be monitored and controlled. A marriage between process, mechanical, and electrical engineers must tak
Publikováno v:
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 33:1300-1306
Publikováno v:
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 2:49-59
Since the advent of electrical heat tracing over 50 years ago, many challenges have confronted industry to ensure safe and reliable heat tracing operation. Reliability of heat tracing systems can directly affect safety-related operations, such as fir
Publikováno v:
Record of Conference Papers Industry Applications Society 52nd Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference.
Mineral Insulated (Ml) cable has a non-polymeric construction that gives it some unique characteristics regarding exposure temperatures, well beyond polymeric materials. These characteristics make it an attractive solution for certain heat tracing ap
Publikováno v:
Industry Applications Society 46th Annual Petroleum and Chemical Technical Conference (Cat.No. 99CH37000).
This paper defines and emphasizes the concept of "Safety by Design" and outlines suggestions for consideration and application by designers, engineers, manufacturers and users of low, medium and high voltage power equipment as well as control equipme
Publikováno v:
Proceedings of 1996 IAS Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference.
Electrical heat tracing has become the preferred method of heat tracing in many applications. The standard IEEE 515 heat transfer equation defines the heat losses for an infinite pipe with homogeneous insulation. In practical applications pipes freez
Publikováno v:
Proceedings of 1996 IAS Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference.
This paper outlines the methods used to design an impedance-heated fluid heat exchanger used in the petrochemical industry. It provides suggestions for determining the method to transfer heat from pipe walls to fluid, to choose electrical pipe wall h
Publikováno v:
37th Annual Conference on Petroleum and Chemical Industry.
Two investment studies were made on typical petrochemical plants to compare capital costs for installation of steam and electrical pipeline heating systems. It is found that for the plants studied, the electrical investment is significantly lower. A
Autor:
N.R. Rafferty, G. Tarbutton
Publikováno v:
Record of Conference Papers. IEEE incorporated Industry Applications Society. Forty-Eighth Annual Conference. 2001 Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference (Cat. No.01CH37265).
IEEE Std 844 Recommended Practice for Electrical Impedance, Induction, and Skin Effect Heating of Pipelines and Vessels has recently completed its second revision cycle. Major changes include the addition of testing requirements for systems within th