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Multicenter automated central vein sign detection performs as well as manual assessment for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Autor: Manning AR; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Letchuman V; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Martin ML; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Gombos E; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Roberts-Fitzgerald T; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Cao Q; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Raza P; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., O'Donnell CM; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Renner B; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Daboul L; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Rodrigues P; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Ramos M; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Derbyshire J; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Azevedo C; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Bar-Or A; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Caverzasi E; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Calabresi PA; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Cree BA; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Freeman L; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Henry RG; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Longbrake EE; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Oh J; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Papinutto N; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Pelletier D; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Samudralwar RD; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Suthiphosuwan S; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Schindler MK; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Bilello M; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Song JW; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Sotirchos ES; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Sicotte NL; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Al-Louzi O; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Solomon AJ; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Reich DS; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Ontaneda D; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Sati P; From Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (ARM, MLM, TRF, QC, CMO, RTS), the Department of Neurology (ABO, RDS, MKS), the Department of Radiology (MB, JWS), and the Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (RTS), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (VL, LD, OAL, DSR, PS) and Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition (JD), National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (EG, BR, NLS, OAL, PS), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (PR, LD) and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (DO), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; QMENTA Inc. (PR, MR), Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology (CA, DP), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology (EC, BAC, RGH, NP), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neuroradiology Department, Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center (EC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology (PAC, ESS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology (LF), Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology (EEL), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (JO), and the Department of Medical Imaging (SS), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurological Sciences (AJS), Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Shinohara RT

Publikováno v: AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology [AJNR Am J Neuroradiol] 2024 Sep 27. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 27.

A multicenter pilot study evaluating simplified central vein assessment for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Autor: Daboul L; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA., O'Donnell CM; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Amin M; Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA., Rodrigues P; QMENTA Cloud Platform, QMENTA Inc., Boston, MA, USA., Derbyshire J; Functional MRI Facility, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Azevedo C; Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Bar-Or A; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Caverzasi E; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Calabresi PA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., Cree BA; Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Freeman L; Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA., Henry RG; Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Longbrake EE; Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Oh J; Division of Neurology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Papinutto N; Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Pelletier D; Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Prchkovska V; QMENTA Cloud Platform, QMENTA Inc., Boston, MA, USA., Raza P; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA., Ramos M; QMENTA Cloud Platform, QMENTA Inc., Boston, MA, USA., Samudralwar RD; Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA., Schindler MK; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Sotirchos ES; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., Sicotte NL; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Solomon AJ; Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Shinohara RT; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Reich DS; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Sati P; Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ontaneda D; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Publikováno v: Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) [Mult Scler] 2024 Jan; Vol. 30 (1), pp. 25-34. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 13.