Breakthrough for Trauma Treatment: Safety and Efficacy of MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy Compared to Paroxetine and Sertraline.

Autor: Mitchell, Jennifer M., Bogenschutz, Michael, Lilienstein, Alia, Harrison, Charlotte, Kleiman, Sarah, Parker-Guilbert, Kelly, Ot'alora G, Marcela, Garas, Wael, Paleos, Casey, Gorman, Ingmar, Nicholas, Christopher, Mithoefer, Michael, Carlin, Shannon, Poulter, Bruce, Mithoefer, Ann, Quevedo, Sylvestre, Wells, Gregory, Klaire, Sukhpreet S., van der Kolk, Bessel, Tzarfaty, Keren

Publikováno v: Focus: The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry; Summer2023, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p306-328, 9p

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MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study.

Autor: Mitchell JM; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Bogenschutz M; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Lilienstein A; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Harrison C; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Kleiman S; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Parker-Guilbert K; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Ot'alora G M; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Garas W; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Paleos C; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Gorman I; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Nicholas C; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Mithoefer M; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Carlin S; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Poulter B; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Mithoefer A; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Quevedo S; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Wells G; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Klaire SS; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., van der Kolk B; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Tzarfaty K; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Amiaz R; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Worthy R; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Shannon S; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Woolley JD; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Marta C; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Gelfand Y; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Hapke E; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Amar S; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Wallach Y; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Brown R; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. 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KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Wang JB; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Coker A; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Matthews R; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. 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MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. San Francisco Insight and Integration Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel. Ray Worthy Psychiatry LLC, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wholeness Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA. New School Research LLC, North Hollywood, CA, USA. Zen Therapeutic Solutions, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr Simon Amar Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu., Yazar-Klosinski B; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), San Jose, CA, USA. MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (MAPS PBC), San Jose, CA, USA. Kleiman Consulting and Psychological Services, Sayreville, NJ, USA. KPG Psychological Services LLC, Brunswick, ME, USA. Aguazul-Bluewater Inc., Boulder, CO, USA. MDMA Therapy Training Program, MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, USA. Nautilus Sanctuary, New York, NY, USA. Fluence, Woodstock, NY, USA. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. 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Be'er Ya'akov Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel. Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. e-mail: jennifer.mitchell@ucsf.edu.

Publikováno v: Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) [Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ)] 2023 Jul; Vol. 21 (3), pp. 315-328. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 28.