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of 60
pro vyhledávání: '"Kay Chapman"'
Autor:
Kay Chapman
Publikováno v:
Research in Comparative and International Education. 11:357-368
Where there is a demand for English-medium schooling and English academic qualifications in a former British colony such as Sri Lanka, questions about power relations and the construction of knowledge are raised. Geography is a school subject that cl
Autor:
William E R Ollier, Gillian A. Wallis, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Nicholas G. Martin, P. Eline Slagboom, Mike R. Reed, Helgi Jonsson, J. Mark Wilkinson, John P. A. Ioannidis, Aime Keis, Yolande F. M. Ramos, Daniel S. Evans, Penelope A. Lind, Stuart H. Ralston, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Andrew McCaskie, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Evangelos Evangelou, Kay Chapman, Tim D. Spector, Aaron G. Day-Williams, L. Stefan Lohmander, Aspasia Tsezou, Ashok Rai, Rob G H H Nelissen, Kari Stefansson, Cristina Rodriguez-Fontenla, Sarah Metrustry, Andres Metspalu, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, Albert Hofman, Hanneke J. M. Kerkhof, John Loughlin, Panos Deloukas, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Ana M. Valdes, Evangelia E. Ntzani, Lorraine Southam, José A. Riancho, J. Christiaan Keurentjes, Francisco J. Blanco, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Peter M. Nilsson, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Lili Milani, Fernando Rivadeneira, Michael C. Nevitt, Nicholas Bellamy, Nancy E Lane, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Grant W. Montgomery, Michael Doherty, Tõnu Esko, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Nigel K Arden, Hafdis T. Helgadottir, André G. Uitterlinden, Antonio Gonzalez, Steffan D. Bos, Margreet Kloppenburg, Andrew Carr, Eleftheria Zeggini, Gunnar Engström, N Aslam, Fraser Birrell, Neeta Parimi
Publikováno v:
RUC. Repositorio da Universidade da Coruña
instname
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; 73(12), pp 2130-2136 (2014)
Evangelou, E, Kerkhof, H J, Styrkarsdottir, U, Ntzani, E E, Bos, S D, Esko, T, Evans, D S, Metrustry, S, Panoutsopoulou, K, Ramos, Y F M, Thorleifsson, G, Tsilidis, K K, Arden, N, Aslam, N, Bellamy, N, Birrell, F, Blanco, F J, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Day-Williams, A G, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, Engström, G, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Keurentjes, J C, Kloppenburg, M, Lind, P A, McCaskie, A, Martin, N G, Milani, L, Montgomery, G W, Nelissen, R G H H, Nevitt, M C, Nilsson, P M, Ollier, W E, Parimi, N, Rai, A, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Riancho, J A, Rivadeneira, F, Rodriguez-Fontenla, C, Southam, L, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Spector, T D, Valdes, A M 2014, ' A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. N/A, no. N/A, pp. 2130-2136 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114
RUNA. Repositorio da Consellería de Sanidade e Sergas
Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS)
Evangelou, E; Kerkhof, HJ; Styrkarsdottir, U; Ntzani, EE; Bos, SD; Esko, T; et al.(2014). A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114. UC Davis: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8qf9229h
Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Dec;73(12):2130-6
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, vol 73, iss 12
Evangelou, E, Kerkhof, H J, Styrkarsdottir, U, Ntzani, E E, Bos, S D, Esko, T, Evans, D S, Metrustry, S, Panoutsopoulou, K, Ramos, Y F M, Thorleifsson, G, Tsilidis, K K, Arden, N, Aslam, N, Bellamy, N, Birrell, F, Blanco, F J, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Day-Williams, A G, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, Engström, G, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Keurentjes, J C, Kloppenburg, M, Lind, P A, McCaskie, A, Martin, N G, Milani, L, Montgomery, G W, Nelissen, R G H H, Nevitt, M C, Nilsson, P M, Ollier, W E, Parimi, N, Rai, A, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Riancho, J A, Rivadeneira, F, Rodriguez-Fontenla, C, Southam, L, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Tsezou, A, Lohmander, S & arcOGEN Consortium 2014, ' A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 73, no. 12, pp. 2130-2136 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136. BMJ Publishing Group
UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
instname
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; 73(12), pp 2130-2136 (2014)
Evangelou, E, Kerkhof, H J, Styrkarsdottir, U, Ntzani, E E, Bos, S D, Esko, T, Evans, D S, Metrustry, S, Panoutsopoulou, K, Ramos, Y F M, Thorleifsson, G, Tsilidis, K K, Arden, N, Aslam, N, Bellamy, N, Birrell, F, Blanco, F J, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Day-Williams, A G, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, Engström, G, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Keurentjes, J C, Kloppenburg, M, Lind, P A, McCaskie, A, Martin, N G, Milani, L, Montgomery, G W, Nelissen, R G H H, Nevitt, M C, Nilsson, P M, Ollier, W E, Parimi, N, Rai, A, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Riancho, J A, Rivadeneira, F, Rodriguez-Fontenla, C, Southam, L, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Spector, T D, Valdes, A M 2014, ' A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. N/A, no. N/A, pp. 2130-2136 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114
RUNA. Repositorio da Consellería de Sanidade e Sergas
Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS)
Evangelou, E; Kerkhof, HJ; Styrkarsdottir, U; Ntzani, EE; Bos, SD; Esko, T; et al.(2014). A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114. UC Davis: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8qf9229h
Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Dec;73(12):2130-6
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, vol 73, iss 12
Evangelou, E, Kerkhof, H J, Styrkarsdottir, U, Ntzani, E E, Bos, S D, Esko, T, Evans, D S, Metrustry, S, Panoutsopoulou, K, Ramos, Y F M, Thorleifsson, G, Tsilidis, K K, Arden, N, Aslam, N, Bellamy, N, Birrell, F, Blanco, F J, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Day-Williams, A G, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, Engström, G, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Keurentjes, J C, Kloppenburg, M, Lind, P A, McCaskie, A, Martin, N G, Milani, L, Montgomery, G W, Nelissen, R G H H, Nevitt, M C, Nilsson, P M, Ollier, W E, Parimi, N, Rai, A, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Riancho, J A, Rivadeneira, F, Rodriguez-Fontenla, C, Southam, L, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Tsezou, A, Lohmander, S & arcOGEN Consortium 2014, ' A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel variants associated with osteoarthritis of the hip ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 73, no. 12, pp. 2130-2136 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-203114
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 73(12), 2130-2136. BMJ Publishing Group
UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files. This article is open access. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form o
Autor:
Eleftheria Zeggini, John Loughlin, Patrick F. Chinnery, Andrew Carr, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, Mike R. Reed, Stuart H. Ralston, David C. Samuels, I Carluke, Gillian A. Wallis, Ana M. Valdes, Nigel W. Rayner, Michael Doherty, Fraser Birrell, Kay Chapman, W. E. R. Ollier, Ian J. Wilson, Tim D. Spector, Nigel K Arden, Gavin Hudson, Andrew McCaskie, L. Southam, Panagiotis Deloukas, Jeremy Mark Wilkinson
Publikováno v:
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; Vol 72
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Hudson, G, Panoutsopoulou, K, Wilson, I, Southam, L, Rayner, N W, Arden, N, Birrell, F, Carluke, I, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, McCaskie, A, Ollier, W E R, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Spector, T D, Valdes, A M, Wallis, G A, Wilkinson, J M, Zeggini, E, Samuels, D C, Loughlin, J, Chinnery, P F 2013, ' No evidence of an association between mitochondrial DNA variants and osteoarthritis in 7393 cases and 5122 controls ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 136-139 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201932
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Hudson, G, Panoutsopoulou, K, Wilson, I, Southam, L, Rayner, N W, Arden, N, Birrell, F, Carluke, I, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Deloukas, P, Doherty, M, McCaskie, A, Ollier, W E R, Ralston, S H, Reed, M R, Spector, T D, Valdes, A M, Wallis, G A, Wilkinson, J M, Zeggini, E, Samuels, D C, Loughlin, J, Chinnery, P F 2013, ' No evidence of an association between mitochondrial DNA variants and osteoarthritis in 7393 cases and 5122 controls ', Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 136-139 . https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201932
Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) has a complex aetiology with a strong genetic component. Genome-wide association studies implicate several nuclear genes in the aetiology, but a major component of the heritability has yet to be defined at the molecular
Autor:
Aaron G. Day-Williams, Ana M. Valdes, Sheryl Mitchell, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Neeta Parimi, Margreet Kloppenburg, Jeremy Mark Wilkinson, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, K Battley, Nancy E Lane, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Hanneke J. M. Kerkhof, Nigel K Arden, Simon C. Potter, Sally Doherty, Ignacio Rego-Pérez, Andrew Carr, W. E. R. Ollier, Valdimar B. Hauksson, Stuart H. Ralston, K Dixon, John Loughlin, Annette Lee, John P. A. Ioannidis, P.E. Slagboom, Eleftheria Zeggini, Francisco J. Blanco, Andrew McCaskie, A Gordon, David T. Felson, Andres Metspalu, Tim D. Spector, Lorraine Southam, Katherine S. Elliott, Sarah E. Hunt, Guangju Zhai, Nico Lakenberg, Gudmar Thorleifsson, F O'Neill, Hannah Blackburn, N Wrayner, Joseph M. Zmuda, B Watkins, Panagiotis Deloukas, L. A. Cupples, André G. Uitterlinden, Michael C. Nevitt, Antonio Gonzalez, Richard Keen, Juan J. Gomez-Reino, Javier Riancho, C Beazley, E Arden, M. Wheeler, K Sherburn, Suzannah Bumpstead, Tõnu Esko, Michael Doherty, Ingileif Jonsdottir, J.B. van Meurs, Gillian A. Wallis, Yanyan Zhu, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Evangelos Evangelou, Hakon Jonsson, M Sumillera, D Swift, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, Albert Hofman, N Koller, Aspasia Tsezou, R. Gwilliam, Kay Chapman
Publikováno v:
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(5), 864-867
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(5), 864-867. BMJ Publishing Group
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, vol 70, iss 5
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; Vol 70
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(5), 864-867. BMJ Publishing Group
Annals of the rheumatic diseases, vol 70, iss 5
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; Vol 70
OBJECTIVES: The genetic aetiology of osteoarthritis has not yet been elucidated. To enable a well-powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) for osteoarthritis, the authors have formed the arcOGEN Consortium, a UK-wide collaborative effort aiming t
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::96cefe2790a14da49698bc2475124636
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e117f3d1-2e00-4938-a34b-6406b6151cd0
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e117f3d1-2e00-4938-a34b-6406b6151cd0
Autor:
Andrew Carr, P. Eline Slagboom, John Loughlin, George Moxley, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Kay Chapman, Michael C. Neale, C.M. van Diujn, Anthony J. Smith
Publikováno v:
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 18(2), 200-207
Objective Several research groups have examined osteoarthritis (OA) association with Interleukin-1 (IL-1) region markers and haplotypes The results have been suggestive for hand OA, negative for knee OA, and conflicting for hip OA Design Our aim was
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::eba9d7ee994740ff91c4dcd72ccaf1c3
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9bd39d9b-8c02-43ab-ab68-d4b82b39b9ce
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9bd39d9b-8c02-43ab-ab68-d4b82b39b9ce
Autor:
Pille Harrison, L Southam, B P Wordsworth, Afsie Sabokbar, R Locklin, J J Pointon, Kay Chapman
Publikováno v:
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. 41:249-252
OBJECTIVES: To assess whether there are cis-regulatory polymorphisms that regulate protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: RNA was extracted from positively selected CD56+, CD8+, a
Autor:
Kalle Kisand, Przemko Tylzanowski, John Loughlin, Andrew McCaskie, Nigel K Arden, Andrew Carr, Nao Nishida, Panos Deloukas, Qing Jiang, Stefan Schulte-Merker, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Feng Zhang, Hafdis T. Helgadottir, Gunnar Engström, Toru Akune, Frank P. Luyten, Shiro Ikegawa, Fotini B. Karassa, L Stefan Lohmander, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, P. Eline Slagboom, William Ollier, Deborah J. Hart, Helgi Jonsson, Tim D. Spector, Peter M. Nilsson, John P. A. Ioannidis, Jin Dai, Guangju Zhai, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Stuart H. Ralston, Akihiro Sudo, David T. Felson, André G. Uitterlinden, Steffan D. Bos, Masahiro Nakajima, F. Rivadeneira, Antonio Gonzalez, Eleftheria Zeggini, Margreet Kloppenburg, Gillian A. Wallis, Sally A Doherty, Ana M. Valdes, Jaakko Kaprio, Agu Tamm, Kari Stefansson, Dongquan Shi, Michael Doherty, Aspasia Tsezou, L. Adrienne Cupples, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, Evangelos Evangelou, Albert Hofman, Ann Tamm, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Rik Lories, Urho M. Kujala, J. Mark Wilkinson, Noriko Yoshimura, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Tom Van de Putte, Janna Saarela, Akihiko Mabuchi, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Hanneke J. M. Kerkhof, Christina L. Hammond, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Kay Chapman, Yanyan Zhu
Publikováno v:
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(2), 349-355. BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(2), 349-355. BMJ Publishing Group
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; Vol 70
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(2), 349-355
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(2), 349-355. BMJ Publishing Group
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases; Vol 70
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(2), 349-355
OBJECTIVES: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis and accounts for substantial morbidity and disability, particularly in older people. It is characterised by changes in joint structure, including degeneration of the articular ca
Autor:
Weiya Zhang, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Andrew McCaskie, Stuart H. Ralston, Ollier Wer., Karol Estrada, Sally Doherty, Nigel W. Rayner, Kerkhof Hjm., Kay Chapman, I Carluke, Andrew Carr, Gillian A. Wallis, Gudmar Thorleifsson, John Loughlin, Rose A. Maciewicz, Tim D. Spector, F Birell, Michael Doherty, Eleftheria Zeggini, J Joseph, Mike R. Reed, Fernando Rivadeneira, N Aslam, van Meurs Jbj., Ashok Rai, A.G. Uitterlinden, Panagiotis Deloukas, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, K Walker, Albert Hofman, Lorraine Southam, Aime Keis, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Kenneth Muir, Jeremy Mark Wilkinson, Kari Stefansson, Tõnu Esko, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Hakon Jonsson, Aaron G. Day-Williams, Ana M. Valdes, Andres Metspalu, Nigel K Arden, Hafdis T. Helgadottir
Publikováno v:
The American Journal of Human Genetics
The American Journal of Human Genetics; Vol 89
Day-Williams, A G, Southam, L, Panoutsopoulou, K, Rayner, N W, Esko, T, Estrada, K, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Kerkhof, H J M, Thorleifsson, G, Arden, N K, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Deloukas, P, Loughlin, J, McCaskie, A, Ollier, W E R, Ralston, S H, Spector, T D, Wallis, G A, Wilkinson, J M, Aslam, N, Birell, F, Carluke, I, Joseph, J, Rai, A, Reed, M, Walker, K, Doherty, S A, Jonsdottir, I, Maciewicz, R A, Muir, K R, Metspalu, A, Rivadeneira, F, Stefansson, K, Styrkarsdottir, U, Uitterlinden, A G, van Meurs, J B J, Zhang, W, Valdes, A M & Doherty, M & Zeggini, E 2011, ' A Variant in MCF2L Is Associated with Osteoarthritis ', American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 446-450 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.08.001
American Journal of Human Genetics, 89(3), 446-450. Cell Press
The American Journal of Human Genetics; Vol 89
Day-Williams, A G, Southam, L, Panoutsopoulou, K, Rayner, N W, Esko, T, Estrada, K, Helgadottir, H T, Hofman, A, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsson, H, Keis, A, Kerkhof, H J M, Thorleifsson, G, Arden, N K, Carr, A, Chapman, K, Deloukas, P, Loughlin, J, McCaskie, A, Ollier, W E R, Ralston, S H, Spector, T D, Wallis, G A, Wilkinson, J M, Aslam, N, Birell, F, Carluke, I, Joseph, J, Rai, A, Reed, M, Walker, K, Doherty, S A, Jonsdottir, I, Maciewicz, R A, Muir, K R, Metspalu, A, Rivadeneira, F, Stefansson, K, Styrkarsdottir, U, Uitterlinden, A G, van Meurs, J B J, Zhang, W, Valdes, A M & Doherty, M & Zeggini, E 2011, ' A Variant in MCF2L Is Associated with Osteoarthritis ', American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 446-450 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.08.001
American Journal of Human Genetics, 89(3), 446-450. Cell Press
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, heritable degenerative joint disease with a substantial public health impact. We used a 1000-Genomes-Project-based imputation in a genome-wide association scan for osteoarthritis (3177 OA cases and 4894 controls) t
Autor:
Dongquan Shi, Andrew Carr, Aspasia Tsezou, Rebeca Dieguez-Gonzalez, Margreet Kloppenburg, Nico Lakenberg, Eline Slagboom, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Shiro Ikegawa, Jin Dai, Antonio Gonzalez, Kay Chapman, R. van der Breggen, Konstantinos N. Malizos, John Loughlin, Qing Jiang, Juan J. Gomez-Reino, Masahiro Nakajima
Publikováno v:
Human Molecular Genetics. 18:1518-1523
Recently, through a genome wide association study in Japanese knee osteoarthritis (OA) cases, a previously unknown gene, DVWA, was identified. The non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7639618 was subsequently found to be consistent a
Autor:
Ingrid Meulenbelt, Hanneke J. M. Kerkhof, John P. A. Ioannidis, Ana M. Valdes, P. Eline Slagboom, Valdimar B. Hauksson, Jia Li, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Sally Doherty, John Loughlin, Qing Jiang, Aspasia Tsezou, Fotini B. Karassa, Michael C. Nevitt, Christopher M. Watson, Evangelos Evangelou, Deborah J. Hart, Kay Chapman, Juan J. Gomez-Reino, Albert Hofman, Julio Rodriguez-Lopez, Shiro Ikegawa, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Rik Lories, Tim D. Spector, André G. Uitterlinden, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, Annu Näkki, Antonio Gonzalez, Nancy E Lane, Andrew Carr, Helgi Jonsson, Margreet Kloppenburg, Gillian A. Wallis, Dongquan Shi, Michael Doherty
Publikováno v:
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 60(6), 1710-1721. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Primary osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent articular disorder and accounts for substantial morbidity and disability, particularly among the elderly, with a considerable health care burden in the developed countries. Its etiology is multifactor