In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries.

Autor: Dorison CA; Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA., Lerner JS; Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA., Heller BH; Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.; Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA., Rothman AJ; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Kawachi II; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA., Wang K; Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA., Rees VW; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA., Gill BP; Mathematica, Cambridge, MA USA., Gibbs N; Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA., Ebersole CR; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA., Vally Z; United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; Wolfson College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Tajchman Z; Twin Cities, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Zsido AN; Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary., Zrimsek M; Department of Translation Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Chen Z; Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Ziano I; Grenoble Ecole de Management, Grenoble, France., Gialitaki Z; Culemborg, Netherlands., Ceary CD; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Lin Y; Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA., Kunisato Y; Department of Psychology, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Japan., Yamada Y; Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan., Xiao Q; Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China., Jiang X; Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China., Du X; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Yao E; Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, USA., Wilson JP; Montclair State University, Montclair, USA., Cyrus-Lai W; INSEAD, Singapore, Singapore., Jimenez-Leal W; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Law W; Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China., Collins WM; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA., Richard KL; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Vranka M; Charles University, Prague, Czechia., Ankushev V; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Schei V; Department of Strategy and Management, NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway., Križanić V; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia., Kadreva VH; Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Adoric VC; Department of Psychology, University of Zadar|, Zadar, Croatia., Tran US; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Yeung SK; University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China., Hassan W; Department of Psychology, University of East London, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Houston R; Dunoon, Scotland., Lima TJS; Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil., Ostermann T; Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany., Frizzo T; Université de Lorraine, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, BETA, Nancy, France., Sverdrup TE; Department of Strategy and Management, NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway., House T; Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.; University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Gill T; Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada., Fedotov M; Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia., Paltrow T; South Carolina, USA., Jernsäther T; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Koptjevskaja-Tamm M; Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Hostler TJ; Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK., Ishii T; Faculty of Integrated Arts and Social Sciences, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan., Szaszi B; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary., Adamus S; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland., Suter L; School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland., Habib S; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Studzinska A; Icam Toulouse, Department of Humanities, Toulouse, France., Stojanovska D; PSA Psihesko, Skopje, North Macedonia., Janssen SMJ; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia., Stieger S; Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria., Schulenberg SE; Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA., Tatachari S; T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Azouaghe S; Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France., Sorokowski P; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland., Sorokowska A; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland., Song X; Twin Cities, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Lewis SC; Ashland University, Ashland, USA., Sinkolova S; PSA Psihesko, Skopje, North Macedonia., Grigoryev D; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Drexler SM; Department of Neurology, Mauritius Hospital Meerbusch, Meerbusch, Germany., Daches S; Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel., Geniole SN; Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada., Vračar S; Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Massoni S; Université de Lorraine, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, BETA, Nancy, France., Zorjan S; Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia., Sarıoğuz E; Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Ankara, Turkey., Izquierdo SM; University of Warwick, Coventry, UK., Alves SG; Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Pöntinen S; Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland., Solas SÁ; Grupo de investigación en Biogeografía y Ecología Espacial (BioGeoE2), Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador., Ordoñez-Riaño S; University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Colombia., Očovaj SB; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Legal and Business Studies Dr Lazar Vrkatic, Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia., Onie S; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia.; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.; Emotional Health For All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia., Lins S; Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Çoksan S; Department of Psychology, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey., Sacakli A; Ankara, Turkey., Ruiz-Fernández S; FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany., Geiger SJ; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., FatahModares S; Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Walczak RB; Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland., Betlehem R; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia., Vilar R; Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil., Cárcamo R; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile., Ross RM; Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia., McCarthy R; Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA., Ballantyne T; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Westgate EC; Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA., Afhami R; Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Ren D; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands., Monteiro RP; Department of Psychology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil., Reips UD; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Switzerland., Reggev N; Department of Psychology and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel., Calin-Jageman RJ; Department of Psychology, Dominican University, River Forest, USA., Pourafshari R; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Oliveira R; Iscte-University Institute of Lisbon, CIS-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal.; Intelligent Agents and Synthetic Characters Group (GAIPS), INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal., Nedelcheva-Datsova M; Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Rahal RM; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands., Ribeiro RR; ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal., Radtke T; Department of Psychology, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany., Searston R; The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia., Habte R; Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany., Zdybek P; Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland., Chen SC; Department of Human Development and Psychology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan., Maturan PLG; Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Perillo JT; Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Isager PM; Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands., Kačmár P; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia., Macapagal PM; School of Psychology, Arellano University, Manila, Philippines.; Social Science Department, College of Liberal Arts, Technological University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines., Szwed P; Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland., Hanel PHP; University of Essex, Essex, UK., Forbes PAG; Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Arriaga P; ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal., Paris B; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France., Papachristopoulos K; Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.; Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece., Correa PS; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina., Kácha O; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Bernardo M; Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal., Campos O; University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain., Bravo ON; Barakaldo, Spain., Galindo-Caballero OJ; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.; Faculty of Education, Human and Social Sciences, Universidad Manuela Beltran, Bogotá, Colombia., Ogbonnaya CE; Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria., Bialobrzeska O; SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland., Kiselnikova N; Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia., Simonovic N; Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, USA., Cohen N; Department of Special Education and The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel., Nock NL; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA., Johannes N; Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Albayrak-Aydemir N; Milton Keynes, United Kingdom & London School of Economics and Political Science, Open University, London, UK., Say N; Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czechia., Torunsky N; Twin Cities, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Van Doren N; Department of Psychology, State College, The Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, USA., Sunami N; University of Delaware, Newark, USA., Rachev NR; Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Majeed NM; School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore., Schmidt ND; Institute of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany., Nadif K; Poggio Imperiale, Italy., Corral-Frías NS; Universidad de Sonora, Sonora, México., Ouherrou N; Lhumain Laboratory, Paul Valery Montpellier 3 University, Montpellier, France., Pantazi M; Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Lucas MY; Department of Psychology, Universidad de Sonora, Sonora, Mexico., Vasilev MR; Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK., Ortiz MV; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), - CONICET - UNC, Cordoba, Argentina.; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina., Butt MM; Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan., Kabir M; Bangladesh Clinical Psychology Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Muda R; Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland., Tejada Rivera MDCM; University of Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile., Sirota M; Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK., Seehuus M; Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, USA.; Vermont Psychological Services, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA., Parzuchowski M; Center for Research on Cognition and Behavior, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland., Toro M; Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile., Hricova M; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia., Maldonado MA; Puebla, Mexico., Marszalek M; SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland., Karekla M; University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus., Mioni G; Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy., Bosma MJ; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Westerlund M; Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland., Vdovic M; Faculty of Media and Communications, Department of Psychology, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia., Bialek M; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland., Silan MA; University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Anne M; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia., Misiak M; IDN Being Human Lab, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.; School of Anthropology & Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Grinberg M; Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, Research Center for Cognitive Science, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Capizzi M; Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France., Espinoza Barría MF; Centre of Attachment and Emotional Regulation, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile., Kurfali MA; Department of Political Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey., Mensink MC; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Stout, Menomonie, USA., Harutyunyan M; Institute of Economic Studies, Charles University, Prague, Czechia., Khosla M; Psychology Department, University of Delhi, DRC, Delhi, India., Korbmacher M; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway., Adamkovič M; Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia.; CSPS Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Social Sciences, Košice, Slovakia., Ribeiro MFF; Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil., Terskova M; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Hruška M; Institute of European Studies and International Relations, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia., Martončik M; Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia.; CSPS Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Social Sciences, Košice, Slovakia., Voracek M; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Čadek M; Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK., Frías-Armenta M; Universidad de Sonora, Sonora, México., Kowal M; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland., Topor M; School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK., Roczniewska M; Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Sopot, Sopot, Poland.; Karolinska Institutet, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management, and Ethics, Stockholm, Sweden., Oosterlinck M; Gent, Belgium., Kohlová MB; Charles University, Environment Centre, Prague, Czechia., Paruzel-Czachura M; Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Romanova M; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Papadatou-Pastou M; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Lund ML; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Antoniadi M; University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus., Jones MV; Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK., Ortiz MS; Departamento de Psicología. Laboratorio de Estrés y Salud, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile., Manavalan M; Twin Cities, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Muminov A; Samarkand, Uzbekistan., Kossowska M; Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland., Friedemann M; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Wielgus M; Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland., Varella MAC; Institute of Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Colloff MF; University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Bradford M; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Vaughn LA; Ithaca College, Ithaca, USA., Eudave L; University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain., Vieira L; Université de Paris, Paris, France., Pineda LMS; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Pérez LC; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Lazarevic LB; Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Jaremka LM; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA., Kushnir E; Stockholm, Sweden., Anton-Boicuk L; Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., de Holanda Coelho GL; University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Ahlgren L; Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland., Levitan CA; Department of Cognitive Science, Occidental College, Los Angeles, USA., Micheli L; Institute of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany., Volz L; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Stojanovska M; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia., Boucher L; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA., Samojlenko L; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia., Delgado LGJ; Programa de Psicología, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia., Kaliska L; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia., Warmelink L; Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico Pontificia Universidad Católica Puerto Rico, Ponce, Puerto Rico., Rojas-Berscia LM; School of Languages and Cultures, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Yu K; Department of Psychology, Sewanee: The University of the South, Sewanee, USA., Wachowicz J; Lublin, Poland., Desai K; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Barzykowski K; School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland., Kozma L; Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary., Evans K; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia., Kirgizova K; Florence, Italy., Agesin BE; Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State Nigeria., Koehn MA; Faculty of Health, Discipline of Psychology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia., Wolfe K; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Korobova T; London Gates Education Group, Moscow, Russia., Klevjer K; Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway., van Schie K; Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Vezirian K; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France., Damnjanović K; Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Institute of Philosophy, The University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Thommesen KK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Schmidt K; School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USA., Filip K; School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland., Grzech K; University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.; Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Hoyer K; Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands., Moon K; Department of Management, Kingston University London, London, UK., Rana K; Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan., Janjić K; PSA Psihesko, Skopje, North Macedonia., Suchow JW; Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Business, Hoboken, USA., Kielińska J; School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland., Cruz Vásquez JE; Department of Psychology Bogotá, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Beitner J; Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Vargas-Nieto JC; Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Roxas JCT; Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.; Department of Psychology, De La Salle College of Saint Benilde, Antipolo, Philippines., Taber J; Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, USA., Urriago-Rayo J; Bogotá, Colombia., Pavlacic JM; Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA., Bavolar J; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia., Soto JA; Department of Psychology, State College, The Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, USA., Olofsson JK; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Vilsmeier JK; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Messerschmidt J; Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany., Czamanski-Cohen J; School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.; Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel., Boudesseul J; Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru., Lee JM; Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA., Kamburidis J; Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Zickfeld J; Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., Miranda JF; Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA., Verharen JPH; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA., Hristova E; Cognitive Science and Psychology Department, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Beshears JE; Alliant International University, San Diego, USA., Đorđević JM; Faculty of Media and Communication, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia., Bosch J; University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy., Valentova JV; Institute of Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Antfolk J; Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland., Berkessel JB; Mannheim Centre for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany., Schrötter J; 1st Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia., Urban J; Charles University, Environment Centre, Prague, Czechia., Röer JP; Department of Psychology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany., Norton JO; College of Science, Health, Engineering & Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia., Silva JR; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.; Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.; Sociedad Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile., Pickering JS; School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK., Vintr J; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia., Uttley J; School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Kunst JR; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Ndukaihe ILG; Department of Psychology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria., Iyer A; Sampurna Montfort College, Bangalore, India., Vilares I; Twin Cities, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., Ivanov A; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Ropovik I; Faculty of Education, Institute for Research and Development of Education, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.; Faculty of Education, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia., Sula I; San Polo d'Enza, Italy., Sarieva I; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Metin-Orta I; Department of Psychology, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey., Prusova I; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Pinto I; Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Bozdoc AI; Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania., Almeida IAT; Faculty of Medicine FMUC, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Pit IL; Institute of Human Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Calleva Research Centre for Evolution and Human Sciences, Magdalen College, Oxford, UK., Dalgar I; Department of Psychology, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey., Zakharov I; Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Developmental Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, Moscow, Russia., Arinze AI; Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria., Ihaya K; Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Center for Liberal Arts, Fukuoka, Japan., Stephen ID; Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia., Gjoneska B; Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia., Brohmer H; Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria., Flowe H; School of Psychology, Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Godbersen H; FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany., Kocalar HE; Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey., Hedgebeth MV; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA., Chuan-Peng H; School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China., Sharifian M; Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Manley H; Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Akkas H; Business Administration Department, Ankara Science University, Ankara, Turkey., Hajdu N; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary., Azab H; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA., Kaminski G; Université de Toulouse, CLLE, CNRS, UT2J, Toulouse, France., Nilsonne G; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden., Anjum G; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Travaglino GA; Department of Law and Criminology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK., Feldman G; University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR., Pfuhl G; UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway., Czarnek G; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland., Marcu GM; Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania.; Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania., Hofer G; Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria., Banik G; Institute of Psychology, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia., Adetula GA; Department of Pure and Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria., Bijlstra G; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Verbruggen F; Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Kung FYH; Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Foroni F; Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia., Singer G; Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Muchembled F; Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico., Azevedo F; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Mosannenzadeh F; Faculty of Social Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Marinov E; Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Štrukelj E; Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Etebari Z; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran., Baskin E; Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, USA., Garcia EOL; Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain., Musser E; Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, USA., van Steenkiste IMM; Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands., Ahn ER; Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA., Pronizius E; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Jackson EA; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, USA., Manunta E; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA., Agadullina E; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Šakan D; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Legal and Business Studies Dr Lazar Vrkatic, Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia., Dursun P; Department of Psychology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey., Dujols O; University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France., Dubrov D; HSE University, Moscow, Russia., Willis M; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia., Tümer M; Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey., Beaudry JL; Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia., Popović D; Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar, Zagreb, Croatia., Dunleavy D; Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA., Djamai I; Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco., Krupić D; Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, The University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia., Vega D; Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica., Du H; Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China., Mola D; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas ([IIPsi]CONICET y UNC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina., Davis WE; Department of Psychology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, USA., Holford DL; University of Essex, Essex, UK., Lewis DMG; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia., Vaidis DC; Université de Paris, Paris, France., Ozery DH; California State University, Northridge, USA., Ricaurte DZ; Faculty of Psychology, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia., Storage D; Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, USA., Sousa D; Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Alvarez DS; Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia., Rosa AD; Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy., Krupić D; Norvel - Psychological Centre for Counselling and Research, Osijek, Croatia., Marko D; Cognitive Science, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Moreau D; School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Reeck C; Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA., Correia RC; Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Whitt CM; University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA., Lamm C; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Solorzano CS; Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy., von Bastian CC; Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Sutherland CA; School of Psychology, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.; School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia., Overkott C; Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Aberson CL; Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, USA., Wang C; Chinese Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China., Karashiali C; Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus., Noone C; School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland., Chiu F; Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex, Essex, UK., Picciocchi C; University of Naples L'Orientale, Naples, Italy., Karaarslan C; Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Başkent, Ankara, Turkey., Cellini N; Department of General Psychology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padova Neuroscience Center, and Human Inspired Technology Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy., Esteban-Serna C; Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK., Reyna C; Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - UNC, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina., Batres C; Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, USA., Li R; Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Grano C; Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy., Carpentier J; School of Management, Department of Organization and Human Resources, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada., Tamnes CK; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Fu CHY; School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK.; Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK., Ishkhanyan B; School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.; Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Bylinina L; Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands., Jaeger B; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.; Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Bundt C; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Allred TB; Faculty of Philosophy, Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Bokkour A; Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA., Bogatyreva N; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Chopik WJ; Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA., Antazo B; Department of Psychology, Jose Rizal University, Mandaluyong, Philippines., Behzadnia B; Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Department of Motor Behavior, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran., Becker M; Université de Toulouse, CLLE, CNRS, Toulouse, France., Cocco B; Rieti, Italy., Chou WL; Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Jiaoxi, Taiwan., Hubena B; Prague, Czech Republic., Žuro B; The Institute of Psychology, Dublin, Ireland.; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia., Aczel B; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary., Baklanova E; Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Bai H; University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, USA., Balci BB; Department of Psychology, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey.; Department of Psychology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey., Babinčák P; Faculty of Arts, Institute and Psychology, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia., Dixson BJW; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia., Mokady A; Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel., Kappes HB; Department of Management, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK., Atari M; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA., Szala A; Centre of Language Evolution Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland., Szabelska A; Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Ireland., Aruta JJB; Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Domurat A; Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland., Arinze NC; Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria., Modena A; Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche, del Linguaggio, dell'Interpretazione e della Traduzione, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Adiguzel A; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA., Monajem A; University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Arabi KAE; Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco., Özdoğru AA; Department of Psychology, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey., Olaya Torres AJ; Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile., Theodoropoulou A; Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Essex, UK., Jurković AP; Kindergarten Kustošija, Zagreb, Croatia., Kassianos AP; Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.; Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK., Findor A; Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia., Hartanto A; School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore., Thibault Landry A; John Molson Business School, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada., Ferreira A; Institute of Human Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Santos AC; University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR.; Aventura Social and DESSH, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; Institute of Environmental Health, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal., De la Rosa-Gomez A; Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe A; Kingston University, London, UK.; King's College London, London, UK.; Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), London, UK., Todsen AL; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK., Karababa A; Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Faculty of Education, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey., Janak A; Steinhardt, Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, USA., Bran A; Université de Paris, Paris, France., Tullett AM; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA., Kuzminska AO; Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Krafnick AJ; Department of Psychology, Dominican University, River Forest, USA., Urooj A; Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia., Khaoudi A; Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco., Ahmed A; Global MINDS, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland., Groyecka-Bernard A; Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland., Askelund AD; Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Adetula A; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France.; Department of Psychology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria., Belaus A; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina., Charyate AC; Higher College of Education & Training Kenitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco., Wichman AL; Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, USA., Stoyanova A; Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Greenburgh A; Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK., Thomas AG; Psychology Department, Swansea University, Swansea, UK., Arvanitis A; Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece., Forscher PS; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France.; Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, Nairobi, Kenya., Mallik PR; Department of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, USA., Primbs MA; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Miller JK; Department of Psychology, Willamette University, Salem, USA., Moshontz H; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA., Urry HL; Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, USA., IJzerman H; Université Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, Grenoble, France.; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France., Basnight-Brown DM; United States International University - Africa, Nairobi, Kenya., Chartier CR; Department of Psychology, Ashland University, Ashland, USA., Buchanan EM; Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, USA., Coles NA; Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.; Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.

Publikováno v: Affective science [Affect Sci] 2022 Sep 26; Vol. 3 (3), pp. 577-602. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 26 (Print Publication: 2022).