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All Days.
Tar sands are a combination of sand, clay, water and bitumen. In-situ techniques using steam and/or solvents are used to reduce the bitumen viscosity such that it can be recovered and refined into petroleum products. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (
Publikováno v:
All Days.
Summary Oil-based drilling fluids can become contaminated with significant quantities of water as a result of low efficiency wellbore displacements to water or brine and from operations such as rig and pit cleaning. The presence of excess emulsifiers