Language trees with sampled ancestors support a hybrid model for the origin of Indo-European languages.

Autor: Heggarty P; Departamento de Humanidades, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 15088 Lima, Peru.; Waves Group, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Anderson C; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Scarborough M; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, S 2300 København, Denmark., King B; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Bouckaert R; Centre for Computational Evolution, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand., Jocz L; Faculty of Humanities, Jacob of Paradies University, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland., Kümmel MJ; Seminar for Indo-European Studies, Institut für Orientalistik, Indogermanistik, Ur- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany., Jügel T; Center for Religious Studies (CERES), Ruhr University Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany., Irslinger B; Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 04107 Leipzig, Germany., Pooth R; Department of Linguistics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium., Liljegren H; Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden., Strand RF; Independent scholar, Cottonwood, AZ 86326, USA., Haig G; Department of General Linguistics, University of Bamberg, 96047 Bamberg, Germany., Macák M; Independent scholar, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia., Kim RI; Department of Older Germanic Languages, Faculty of English, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 60-780 Poznań, Poland., Anonby E; School of Linguistics and Language Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.; Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands., Pronk T; Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands., Belyaev O; Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 GSP-1 Moscow, Russia.; Department of Iranian Languages, Institute of Linguistics RAS, Moscow 125009, Russia., Dewey-Findell TK; Centre for the Study of the Viking Age, School of English, University of Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Boutilier M; Department of German, Nordic, and Slavic, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA., Freiberg C; Institut für deutsche Sprache und Linguistik, Sprach- und literaturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany., Tegethoff R; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Seminar for Indo-European Studies, Institut für Orientalistik, Indogermanistik, Ur- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany., Serangeli M; Seminar for Indo-European Studies, Institut für Orientalistik, Indogermanistik, Ur- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany., Liosis N; Institute of Modern Greek Studies, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece., Stroński K; Faculty of Modern Languages, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-874 Poznań, Poland., Schulte K; Department of Translation and Communication, Jaume I University, 12006 Castelló de la Plana, Spain., Gupta GK; Faculty of Modern Languages, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-874 Poznań, Poland., Haak W; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Krause J; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Atkinson QD; School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.; Centre for the Study of Social Cohesion, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6PN, UK., Greenhill SJ; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; ARC Center of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language, ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia., Kühnert D; Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745 Jena, Germany., Gray RD; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

Publikováno v: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2023 Jul 28; Vol. 381 (6656), pp. eabg0818. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 28.