Zobrazeno 1 - 8
of 8
pro vyhledávání: '"James M G Hudson"'
Autor:
Stef Weijers, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, William K. Cornwell, Francesca Jaroszynska, Oriol Grau, Daan Blok, Peter Manning, Allan Buras, Tage Vowles, Ann Milbau, Peter B. Reich, Luise Hermanutz, Bo Elberling, Sabine B. Rumpf, Philip A. Wookey, Martin Hallinger, Esther Lévesque, Damien Georges, Bruce C. Forbes, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Janet S. Prevéy, Walton A. Green, Josep Peñuelas, Peter Poschlod, F. S. Chapin, Giandiego Campetella, Wim A. Ozinga, Haydn J.D. Thomas, Michele Carbognani, F. T. de Vries, Colleen M. Iversen, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Ken D. Tape, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Heather D. Alexander, Josep M. Ninot, Agata Buchwal, Jens Kattge, P.M. van Bodegom, Anu Eskelinen, S. N. Sheremetiev, Nadja Rüger, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Michael Kleyer, Chelsea J. Little, Trevor C. Lantz, Maxime Tremblay, Sandra Angers-Blondin, Matteo Dainese, Alessandro Petraglia, Robert D. Hollister, James M G Hudson, Katharine N. Suding, Urs A. Treier, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Karl Hülber, Brandon S. Schamp, Ülo Niinemets, Marko J. Spasojevic, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Marcello Tomaselli, Kevin C. Guay, Alba Anadon-Rosell, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Michael Bahn, Johan Olofsson, Benjamin Blonder, Anders Michelsen, Sonja Wipf, Jill F. Johnstone, Brody Sandel, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Katherine S. Christie, S. F. Oberbauer, Scott J. Goetz, Rohan Shetti, Joseph M. Craine, Elisabeth J. Cooper, M. te Beest, Gregory H. R. Henry, Yusuke Onoda, Tara Zamin, Mark Vellend, Logan T. Berner, Anne D. Bjorkman, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Signe Normand, Pieter S. A. Beck, Robert G. Björk, Christian Rixen, Andrew J. Trant, Juha M. Alatalo, Martin Wilmking, Esther R. Frei, James D. M. Speed, Steven Jansen, Laura Siegwart Collier, Laurent J. Lamarque, Sandra Díaz, Susanna Venn, Aino Kulonen, Paul Grogan
Publikováno v:
Nature Communications, 11(1). Nature Publishing Group
Nature Communications, 11(1), 1351-1363
Nature Communications
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, 1351, pp. 1-12 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, 1351 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11(1):1351, 1-12. Nature Publishing Group
Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 11 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4⟩
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, 1351 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11(1)
Nature Communications, vol. 11, pp. 1351
Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Nature Communications 11 (2020) 1
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-rosell, A, Angers-blondin, S, Te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, Van Bodegom, P M, Bond-lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Ü, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & De Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11:1351. Nature Publishing Group
Dipòsit Digital de la UB
Universidad de Barcelona
Nature Communications, 11(1), 1351-1363
Nature Communications
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, 1351, pp. 1-12 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, 1351 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11(1):1351, 1-12. Nature Publishing Group
Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 11 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4⟩
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-Smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-Rosell, A, Angers-Blondin, S, te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-Garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-Nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, van Bodegom, P M, Bond-Lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & de Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, 1351 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11(1)
Nature Communications, vol. 11, pp. 1351
Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Nature Communications 11 (2020) 1
Thomas, H J D, Bjorkman, A D, Myers-smith, I H, Elmendorf, S C, Kattge, J, Diaz, S, Vellend, M, Blok, D, Cornelissen, J H C, Forbes, B C, Henry, G H R, Hollister, R D, Normand, S, Prevéy, J S, Rixen, C, Schaepman-strub, G, Wilmking, M, Wipf, S, Cornwell, W K, Beck, P S A, Georges, D, Goetz, S J, Guay, K C, Rüger, N, Soudzilovskaia, N A, Spasojevic, M J, Alatalo, J M, Alexander, H D, Anadon-rosell, A, Angers-blondin, S, Te Beest, M, Berner, L T, Björk, R G, Buchwal, A, Buras, A, Carbognani, M, Christie, K S, Collier, L S, Cooper, E J, Elberling, B, Eskelinen, A, Frei, E R, Grau, O, Grogan, P, Hallinger, M, Heijmans, M M P D, Hermanutz, L, Hudson, J M G, Johnstone, J F, Hülber, K, Iturrate-garcia, M, Iversen, C M, Jaroszynska, F, Kaarlejarvi, E, Kulonen, A, Lamarque, L J, Lantz, T C, Lévesque, E, Little, C J, Michelsen, A, Milbau, A, Nabe-nielsen, J, Nielsen, S S, Ninot, J M, Oberbauer, S F, Olofsson, J, Onipchenko, V G, Petraglia, A, Rumpf, S B, Shetti, R, Speed, J D M, Suding, K N, Tape, K D, Tomaselli, M, Trant, A J, Treier, U A, Tremblay, M, Venn, S E, Vowles, T, Weijers, S, Wookey, P A, Zamin, T J, Bahn, M, Blonder, B, Van Bodegom, P M, Bond-lamberty, B, Campetella, G, Cerabolini, B E L, Chapin, F S, Craine, J M, Dainese, M, Green, W A, Jansen, S, Kleyer, M, Manning, P, Niinemets, Ü, Onoda, Y, Ozinga, W A, Peñuelas, J, Poschlod, P, Reich, P B, Sandel, B, Schamp, B S, Sheremetiev, S N & De Vries, F T 2020, ' Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome ', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4
Nature Communications, 11:1351. Nature Publishing Group
Dipòsit Digital de la UB
Universidad de Barcelona
The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknow
Externí odkaz:
https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::62ffc36676a7bd9fa1ca671b706f2ad3
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/395187
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/395187
Autor:
Josh Keitel, Geordon Harvey, James M. G. Hudson, Tammy Dobbie, Gary Mouland, Rachel Thorndyke, Saewan Koh, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Laurie Carr, Kristy L. Hogsden
Publikováno v:
Waterbirds. 35:13-22
Carolinian habitats on Middle Island in the western basin of Lake Erie have recently experienced a dramatic rise in nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus). Nesting cormorants on the 0.3 × 1.1 km island increased from three pairs i
Publikováno v:
Global Change Biology. 17:1013-1021
Understanding plant trait responses to elevated temperatures in the Arctic is critical in light of recent and continuing climate change, especially because these traits act as key mechanisms in climate-vegetation feedbacks. Since 1992, we have artifi
Autor:
James M. G. Hudson, Greg H. R. Henry
Publikováno v:
Journal of Ecology. 98:1035-1041
Summary 1. Identifying plant communities that are resistant to climate change will be critical for developing accurate, wide-scale vegetation change predictions. Most northern plant communities, especially tundra, have shown strong responses to exper
Publikováno v:
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 40:481-486
We examined the influence of leaf size on forage selection by collared pikas (Ochotona collaris) living in alpine meadows in the Yukon Territory, Canada, by comparing the winter diets of individually recognized pikas to the available vegetation withi
Publikováno v:
ARCTIC. 63
Long-term monitoring of bird populations in the Arctic is of considerable interest as this area is experiencing rapid climate warming; however, multi-decadal studies in the Canadian High Arctic are rare. Over five summers between 1980 and 2008, we co
Autor:
Hudson, James M. G., Henry, Greg H. R.
Publikováno v:
Journal of Ecology; Sep2010, Vol. 98 Issue 5, p1035-1041, 7p, 3 Charts
Publikováno v:
Arctic, Antarctic & Alpine Research; Aug2008, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p481-486, 6p, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs