Zobrazeno 1 - 10
of 18
pro vyhledávání: '"Gilles Jobin"'
Autor:
Dev S Segarajasingam, Stephen C Hanley, Alan N Barkun, Kevin A Waschke, Pascal Burtin, Josée Parent, Serge Mayrand, Carlo A Fallone, Gilles Jobin, Ernest G Seidman, Myriam Martel
Publikováno v:
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol 29, Iss 2, Pp 85-90 (2015)
BACKGROUND: Optimal management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) remains unclear.
Externí odkaz:
https://doaj.org/article/2faa6a7b58f841d1a1ee74b75441c8eb
Autor:
Bernard Candas, Gilles Jobin, Catherine Dubé, Mario Tousignant, Anis Ben Abdeljelil, Sonya Grenier, Marie-Pierre Gagnon
Publikováno v:
Endoscopy International Open, Vol 04, Iss 02, Pp E118-E133 (2016)
Background and aim: Continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs may result in quality of care and outcome improvement. However, the implementation of such programs has proven to be very challenging. This mixed methods systematic review identifies b
Externí odkaz:
https://doaj.org/article/08a8c73d3bb643fea7c527230301c35b
Autor:
Corneliu A. Bodea, Benjamin M. Neale, Stephan Ripke, Mark J. Daly, Bernie Devlin, Kathryn Roeder, Murray Barclay, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Mathias Chamaillard, Jean-Frederick Colombel, Mario Cottone, Anthony Croft, Renata D’Incà, Jonas Halfvarson, Katherine Hanigan, Paul Henderson, Jean-Pierre Hugot, Amir Karban, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Mohammed Azam Khan, Marc Lémann, Arie Levine, Dunecan Massey, Monica Milla, Grant W. Montgomery, Sok Meng Evelyn Ng, Ioannis Oikonomou, Harald Peeters, Deborah D. Proctor, Jean-Francois Rahier, Rebecca Roberts, Paul Rutgeerts, Frank Seibold, Laura Stronati, Kirstin M. Taylor, Leif Törkvist, Kullak Ublick, Johan Van Limbergen, Andre Van Gossum, Morten H. Vatn, Hu Zhang, Wei Zhang, Jane M. Andrews, Peter A. Bampton, Timothy H. Florin, Richard Gearry, Krupa Krishnaprasad, Ian C. Lawrance, Gillian Mahy, Graham Radford-Smith, Rebecca L. Roberts, Lisa A. Simms, Leila Amininijad, Isabelle Cleynen, Olivier Dewit, Denis Franchimont, Michel Georges, Debby Laukens, Emilie Theatre, André Van Gossum, Severine Vermeire, Guy Aumais, Leonard Baidoo, Arthur M. Barrie, Karen Beck, Edmond-Jean Bernard, David G. Binion, Alain Bitton, Steve R. Brant, Judy H. Cho, Albert Cohen, Kenneth Croitoru, Lisa W. Datta, Colette Deslandres, Richard H. Duerr, Debra Dutridge, John Ferguson, Joann Fultz, Philippe Goyette, Gordon R. Greenberg, Talin Haritunians, Gilles Jobin, Seymour Katz, Raymond G. Lahaie, Dermot P. McGovern, Linda Nelson, Sok Meng Ng, Kaida Ning, Pierre Paré, Miguel D. Regueiro, John D. Rioux, Elizabeth Ruggiero, L. Philip Schumm, Marc Schwartz, Regan Scott, Yashoda Sharma, Mark S. Silverberg, Denise Spears, A. Hillary Steinhart, Joanne M. Stempak, Jason M. Swoger, Constantina Tsagarelis, Clarence Zhang, Hongyu Zhao, Jan Aerts, Tariq Ahmad, Hazel Arbury, Anthony Attwood, Adam Auton, Stephen G. Ball, Anthony J. Balmforth, Chris Barnes, Jeffrey C. Barrett, Inês Barroso, Anne Barton, Amanda J. Bennett, Sanjeev Bhaskar, Katarzyna Blaszczyk, John Bowes, Oliver J. Brand, Peter S. Braund, Francesca Bredin, Gerome Breen, Morris J. Brown, Ian N. Bruce, Jaswinder Bull, Oliver S. Burren, John Burton, Jake Byrnes, Sian Caesar, Niall Cardin, Chris M. Clee, Alison J. Coffey, John M.C. Connell, Donald F. Conrad, Jason D. Cooper, Anna F. Dominiczak, Kate Downes, Hazel E. Drummond, Darshna Dudakia, Andrew Dunham, Bernadette Ebbs, Diana Eccles, Sarah Edkins, Cathryn Edwards, Anna Elliot, Paul Emery, David M. Evans, Gareth Evans, Steve Eyre, Anne Farmer, Nicol Ferrier, Edward Flynn, Alistair Forbes, Liz Forty, Jayne A. Franklyn, Timothy M. Frayling, Rachel M. Freathy, Eleni Giannoulatou, Polly Gibbs, Paul Gilbert, Katherine Gordon-Smith, Emma Gray, Elaine Green, Chris J. Groves, Detelina Grozeva, Rhian Gwilliam, Anita Hall, Naomi Hammond, Matt Hardy, Pile Harrison, Neelam Hassanali, Husam Hebaishi, Sarah Hines, Anne Hinks, Graham A. Hitman, Lynne Hocking, Chris Holmes, Eleanor Howard, Philip Howard, Joanna M.M. Howson, Debbie Hughes, Sarah Hunt, John D. Isaacs, Mahim Jain, Derek P. Jewell, Toby Johnson, Jennifer D. Jolley, Ian R. Jones, Lisa A. Jones, George Kirov, Cordelia F. Langford, Hana Lango-Allen, G. Mark Lathrop, James Lee, Kate L. Lee, Charlie Lees, Kevin Lewis, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Meeta Maisuria-Armer, Julian Maller, John Mansfield, Jonathan L. Marchini, Paul Martin, Dunecan C.O. Massey, Wendy L. McArdle, Peter McGuffin, Kirsten E. McLay, Gil McVean, Alex Mentzer, Michael L. Mimmack, Ann E. Morgan, Andrew P. Morris, Craig Mowat, Patricia B. Munroe, Simon Myers, William Newman, Elaine R. Nimmo, Michael C. O’Donovan, Abiodun Onipinla, Nigel R. Ovington, Michael J. Owen, Kimmo Palin, Aarno Palotie, Kirstie Parnell, Richard Pearson, David Pernet, John R.B. Perry, Anne Phillips, Vincent Plagnol, Natalie J. Prescott, Inga Prokopenko, Michael A. Quail, Suzanne Rafelt, Nigel W. Rayner, David M. Reid, Anthony Renwick, Susan M. Ring, Neil Robertson, Samuel Robson, Ellie Russell, David St Clair, Jennifer G. Sambrook, Jeremy D. Sanderson, Stephen J. Sawcer, Helen Schuilenburg, Carol E. Scott, Richard Scott, Sheila Seal, Sue Shaw-Hawkins, Beverley M. Shields, Matthew J. Simmonds, Debbie J. Smyth, Elilan Somaskantharajah, Katarina Spanova, Sophia Steer, Jonathan Stephens, Helen E. Stevens, Kathy Stirrups, Millicent A. Stone, David P. Strachan, Zhan Su, Deborah P.M. Symmons, John R. Thompson, Wendy Thomson, Martin D. Tobin, Mary E. Travers, Clare Turnbull, Damjan Vukcevic, Louise V. Wain, Mark Walker, Neil M. Walker, Chris Wallace, Margaret Warren-Perry, Nicholas A. Watkins, John Webster, Michael N. Weedon, Anthony G. Wilson, Matthew Woodburn, B. Paul Wordsworth, Chris Yau, Allan H. Young, Eleftheria Zeggini, Matthew A. Brown, Paul R. Burton, Mark J. Caulfield, Alastair Compston, Martin Farrall, Stephen C.L. Gough, Alistair S. Hall, Andrew T. Hattersley, Adrian V.S. Hill, Christopher G. Mathew, Marcus Pembrey, Jack Satsangi, Michael R. Stratton, Jane Worthington, Matthew E. Hurles, Audrey Duncanson, Willem H. Ouwehand, Miles Parkes, Nazneen Rahman, John A. Todd, Nilesh J. Samani, Dominic P. Kwiatkowski, Mark I. McCarthy, Nick Craddock, Panos Deloukas, Peter Donnelly, Jenefer M. Blackwell, Elvira Bramon, Juan P. Casas, Aiden Corvin, Janusz Jankowski, Hugh S. Markus, Colin N.A. Palmer, Robert Plomin, Anna Rautanen, Richard C. Trembath, Ananth C. Viswanathan, Nicholas W. Wood, Chris C.A. Spencer, Gavin Band, Céline Bellenguez, Colin Freeman, Garrett Hellenthal, Matti Pirinen, Amy Strange, Hannah Blackburn, Suzannah J. Bumpstead, Serge Dronov, Matthew Gillman, Alagurevathi Jayakumar, Owen T. McCann, Jennifer Liddle, Simon C. Potter, Radhi Ravindrarajah, Michelle Ricketts, Matthew Waller, Paul Weston, Sara Widaa, Pamela Whittaker
Publikováno v:
American journal of human genetics, Vol. 98, no. 5, p. 857-868 (2016)
A. Palotie on työryhmän Int IBD Genetics Consortium jäsen. One goal of human genetics is to understand the genetic basis of disease, a challenge for diseases of complex inheritance because risk alleles are few relative to the vast set of benign va
Publikováno v:
Gastroenterology. 153(4)
Background & Aims Low activity of natural killer (NK) cells has been associated with increased risk of cancer and has been reported in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Activity of NK cells can be measured in a small volume of whole blood by a c
Autor:
Dermot P.B. McGovern, Cathryn Edwards, Jeffrey C. Barrett, Katherine I. Morley, Michel Georges, Jonas Halfvarson, Lude Franke, Martine De Vos, Caroline Lagacé, Mauro D'Amato, Marc Lémann, Jerome I. Rotter, Richard H. Duerr, Vibeke Andersen, Marcin Imielinski, Deborah D. Proctor, Orazio Palmieri, David C. Wilson, Theodore M. Bayless, Nicholas K. Hayward, Talin Haritunians, Frank Seibold, Nicholas P. Anagnou, Marla Dubinsky, Leila Amininejad, Steven R. Brant, Christopher G. Mathew, Ramnik J. Xavier, John C. Mansfield, Julián Panés, Vito Annese, Mark J. Daly, Rebecca L. Roberts, James A B Floyd, Lisa A. Simms, Stephen L. Guthery, Murray L. Barclay, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Debby Laukens, Richard K Russell, Stephan R. Targan, Mark Seielstad, Hakon Hakonarson, Miquel Sans, Thomas D. Walters, Gabrielle Boucher, Craig Mowat, Mathias Chamaillard, Carsten Büning, Stefan Schreiber, Arie Levine, Yashoda Sharma, Natalie J. Prescott, Gilles Jobin, Charlie W. Lees, A. Hillary Steinhart, Roel A. Ophoff, Suzannah Bumpstead, Edouard Louis, Nicole L. Glazer, David Ellinghaus, Richard B. Gearry, Kent D. Taylor, Cécile Libioulle, Rinse K. Weersma, Philippe Goyette, Leonard H. van den Berg, John D. Rioux, Cisca Wijmenga, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Jack Satsangi, Grant W. Montgomery, Timothy H. Florin, Rudolf S N Fehrmann, Limas Kupčinskas, Leonard Baidoo, Stephan Brand, Jürgen Glas, Carl A. Anderson, Anne M. Phillips, Ian C. Lawrance, Tariq Ahmad, Jeremy D. Sanderson, Judy H. Cho, Miles Parkes, Maria Gazouli, Laura Papi, Harm-Jan Westra, Robert N. Baldassano, James Lee, Zhen Zhen Zhao, Andre Franke, Paul Rutgeerts, Anne M. Griffiths, Aylwin Ng, Regan Scott, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Denis Franchimont, Hein W. Verspaget, Graham L. Radford-Smith, William G. Newman, Lee A. Denson, Leif Törkvist, Monica Milla, Subra Kugathasan, Philip Schumm, Severine Vermeire, Morten H. Vatn, Mark S. Silverberg, Jurgita Sventoraityte, Anna Latiano, Tom H. Karlsen, Jean-Pierre Hugot
Publikováno v:
Nature genetics
Nature genetics, 43(3), 246-252. Nature Publishing Group
Nature Genetics, 43(3), 246
Anderson, C A, Boucher, G, Lees, C W, Franke, A, D'Amato, M, Taylor, K D, Lee, J C, Goyette, P, Imielinski, M, Latiano, A, Lagace, C, Scott, R, Amininejad, L, Bumpstead, S, Baidoo, L, Baldassano, R N, Barclay, M, Bayless, T M, Brand, S, Buening, C, Colombel, J-F, Denson, L A, De Vos, M, Dubinsky, M, Edwards, C, Ellinghaus, D, Fehrmann, R S N, Floyd, J A B, Florin, T, Franchimont, D, Franke, L, Georges, M, Glas, J, Glazer, N L, Guthery, S L, Haritunians, T, Hayward, N K, Hugot, J-P, Jobin, G, Laukens, D, Lawrance, I, Lemann, M, Levine, A, Libioulle, C, Louis, E, McGovern, D P, Milla, M, Montgomery, G W, Morley, K I, Mowat, C, Ng, A, Newman, W, Ophoff, R A, Papi, L, Palmieri, O, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, Panes, J, Phillips, A, Prescott, N J, Proctor, D D, Roberts, R, Russell, R, Rutgeerts, P, Sanderson, J, Sans, M, Schumm, P, Seibold, F, Sharma, Y, Simms, L A, Seielstad, M, Steinhart, A H, Targan, S R, van den Berg, L H, Vatn, M, Verspaget, H, Walters, T, Wijmenga, C, Wilson, D C, Westra, H-J, Xavier, R J, Zhao, Z Z, Ponsioen, C Y, Andersen, V, Torkvist, L, Gazouli, M, Anagnou, N P, Karlsen, T H, Kupcinskas, L, Sventoraityte, J, Mansfield, J C, Kugathasan, S, Silverberg, M S, Halfvarson, J, Rotter, J I, Mathew, C G, Griffiths, A M, Gearry, R, Ahmad, T, Brant, S R, Chamaillard, M, Satsangi, J, Cho, J H, Schreiber, S, Daly, M J, Barrett, J C, Parkes, M, Annese, V, Hakonarson, H, Radford-Smith, G, Duerr, R H, Vermeire, S, Weersma, R K & Rioux, J D 2011, ' Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47 ', Nature Genetics, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 246-U94 . https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.764
Nature Genetics, 43(3), 246-U94. Nature Publishing Group
Anderson, C A, Boucher, G, Lees, C W, Franke, A, D'Amato, M, Taylor, K D, Lee, J C, Goyette, P, Imielinski, M, Latiano, A, Lagacé, C, Scott, R, Amininejad, L, Bumpstead, S, Baidoo, L, Baldassano, R N, Barclay, M, Bayless, T M, Brand, S, Büning, C, Colombel, J-F, Denson, L A, De Vos, M, Dubinsky, M, Edwards, C, Ellinghaus, D, Fehrmann, R S N, Floyd, J A B, Florin, T, Franchimont, D, Franke, L, Georges, M, Glas, J, Glazer, N L, Guthery, S L, Haritunians, T, Hayward, N K, Hugot, J-P, Jobin, G, Laukens, D, Lawrance, I, Lémann, M, Levine, A, Libioulle, C, Louis, E, McGovern, D P, Milla, M, Montgomery, G W, Morley, K I, Mowat, C, Ng, A, Newman, W, Ophoff, R A, Papi, L, Palmieri, O, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, Panés, J, Phillips, A, Prescott, N J, Proctor, D D, Roberts, R, Russell, R, Rutgeerts, P, Sanderson, J, Sans, M, Schumm, P, Seibold, F, Sharma, Y, Simms, L A, Seielstad, M, Steinhart, A H, Targan, S R, van den Berg, L H, Vatn, M, Verspaget, H, Walters, T, Wijmenga, C, Wilson, D C, Westra, H-J, Xavier, R J, Zhao, Z Z, Ponsioen, C Y, Andersen, V, Torkvist, L, Gazouli, M, Anagnou, N P, Karlsen, T H, Kupcinskas, L, Sventoraityte, J, Mansfield, J C, Kugathasan, S, Silverberg, M S, Halfvarson, J, Rotter, J I, Mathew, C G, Griffiths, A M, Gearry, R, Ahmad, T, Brant, S R, Chamaillard, M, Satsangi, J, Cho, J H, Schreiber, S, Daly, M J, Barrett, J C, Parkes, M, Annese, V, Hakonarson, H, Radford-Smith, G, Duerr, R H, Vermeire, S, Weersma, R K & Rioux, J D 2011, ' Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47 ', Nature Genetics, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 246-52 . https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.764
Nature genetics, 43(3), 246-252. Nature Publishing Group
Nature Genetics, 43(3), 246
Anderson, C A, Boucher, G, Lees, C W, Franke, A, D'Amato, M, Taylor, K D, Lee, J C, Goyette, P, Imielinski, M, Latiano, A, Lagace, C, Scott, R, Amininejad, L, Bumpstead, S, Baidoo, L, Baldassano, R N, Barclay, M, Bayless, T M, Brand, S, Buening, C, Colombel, J-F, Denson, L A, De Vos, M, Dubinsky, M, Edwards, C, Ellinghaus, D, Fehrmann, R S N, Floyd, J A B, Florin, T, Franchimont, D, Franke, L, Georges, M, Glas, J, Glazer, N L, Guthery, S L, Haritunians, T, Hayward, N K, Hugot, J-P, Jobin, G, Laukens, D, Lawrance, I, Lemann, M, Levine, A, Libioulle, C, Louis, E, McGovern, D P, Milla, M, Montgomery, G W, Morley, K I, Mowat, C, Ng, A, Newman, W, Ophoff, R A, Papi, L, Palmieri, O, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, Panes, J, Phillips, A, Prescott, N J, Proctor, D D, Roberts, R, Russell, R, Rutgeerts, P, Sanderson, J, Sans, M, Schumm, P, Seibold, F, Sharma, Y, Simms, L A, Seielstad, M, Steinhart, A H, Targan, S R, van den Berg, L H, Vatn, M, Verspaget, H, Walters, T, Wijmenga, C, Wilson, D C, Westra, H-J, Xavier, R J, Zhao, Z Z, Ponsioen, C Y, Andersen, V, Torkvist, L, Gazouli, M, Anagnou, N P, Karlsen, T H, Kupcinskas, L, Sventoraityte, J, Mansfield, J C, Kugathasan, S, Silverberg, M S, Halfvarson, J, Rotter, J I, Mathew, C G, Griffiths, A M, Gearry, R, Ahmad, T, Brant, S R, Chamaillard, M, Satsangi, J, Cho, J H, Schreiber, S, Daly, M J, Barrett, J C, Parkes, M, Annese, V, Hakonarson, H, Radford-Smith, G, Duerr, R H, Vermeire, S, Weersma, R K & Rioux, J D 2011, ' Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47 ', Nature Genetics, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 246-U94 . https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.764
Nature Genetics, 43(3), 246-U94. Nature Publishing Group
Anderson, C A, Boucher, G, Lees, C W, Franke, A, D'Amato, M, Taylor, K D, Lee, J C, Goyette, P, Imielinski, M, Latiano, A, Lagacé, C, Scott, R, Amininejad, L, Bumpstead, S, Baidoo, L, Baldassano, R N, Barclay, M, Bayless, T M, Brand, S, Büning, C, Colombel, J-F, Denson, L A, De Vos, M, Dubinsky, M, Edwards, C, Ellinghaus, D, Fehrmann, R S N, Floyd, J A B, Florin, T, Franchimont, D, Franke, L, Georges, M, Glas, J, Glazer, N L, Guthery, S L, Haritunians, T, Hayward, N K, Hugot, J-P, Jobin, G, Laukens, D, Lawrance, I, Lémann, M, Levine, A, Libioulle, C, Louis, E, McGovern, D P, Milla, M, Montgomery, G W, Morley, K I, Mowat, C, Ng, A, Newman, W, Ophoff, R A, Papi, L, Palmieri, O, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, Panés, J, Phillips, A, Prescott, N J, Proctor, D D, Roberts, R, Russell, R, Rutgeerts, P, Sanderson, J, Sans, M, Schumm, P, Seibold, F, Sharma, Y, Simms, L A, Seielstad, M, Steinhart, A H, Targan, S R, van den Berg, L H, Vatn, M, Verspaget, H, Walters, T, Wijmenga, C, Wilson, D C, Westra, H-J, Xavier, R J, Zhao, Z Z, Ponsioen, C Y, Andersen, V, Torkvist, L, Gazouli, M, Anagnou, N P, Karlsen, T H, Kupcinskas, L, Sventoraityte, J, Mansfield, J C, Kugathasan, S, Silverberg, M S, Halfvarson, J, Rotter, J I, Mathew, C G, Griffiths, A M, Gearry, R, Ahmad, T, Brant, S R, Chamaillard, M, Satsangi, J, Cho, J H, Schreiber, S, Daly, M J, Barrett, J C, Parkes, M, Annese, V, Hakonarson, H, Radford-Smith, G, Duerr, R H, Vermeire, S, Weersma, R K & Rioux, J D 2011, ' Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47 ', Nature Genetics, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 246-52 . https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.764
Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies in ulcerative colitis have identified 18 susceptibility loci. We conducted a meta-analysis of six ulcerative colitis genome-wide association study datasets, comprising 6,687 cases and 19,718
Autor:
Pascal Burtin, Myriam Martel, Ernest G. Seidman, Gilles Jobin, Alan N. Barkun, Josee Parent, Carlo A Fallone, Stephen C Hanley, Dev S Segarajasingam, Serge Mayrand, Kevin A. Waschke
Publikováno v:
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol 29, Iss 2, Pp 85-90 (2015)
BACKGROUND: Optimal management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic yields and downstream clinical outcomes comparing video capsule endoscopy (VCE) with push enteroscopy (PE).METHODS: Patients
Publikováno v:
Journal of Pharmacy Technology. 22:9-14
Background: The risk of osteoporosis is greater in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) because of several related risk factors such as the prolonged use of corticosteroids, the malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D following small-bowel d
Autor:
G Cousineau, Pierre Paré, Gilles Jobin, Alan N. Barkun, Raymond G. Lahaie, S Dubé, Ramses Wassef, B Stein
Publikováno v:
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol 18, Iss 8, Pp 509-519 (2004)
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of death and the third most common cancer in Canada. Evidence suggests that screening can reduce mortality rates and the cost effectiveness of a program compares favourably with initiatives for breast and cervical
Autor:
Gidej Durivage, Karl Herba, Guy Aumais, Karen Matouk, Jean-René Lachance, Gilles Jobin, Mathieu Provençal, Louis-Charles Rioux
Publikováno v:
Gastroenterology. 150:S1270-S1271
Autor:
Bernard Candas, Anis Ben Abdeljelil, Catherine Dubé, Gilles Jobin, Sonya Grenier, Marie-Pierre Gagnon
Publikováno v:
Implementation Science : IS
Implementation Science, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 85 (2010)
Implementation Science, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 85 (2010)
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a serious and growing health problem in Canada. Colonoscopy is used for screening and diagnosis of symptomatic or high CRC risk individuals. Although a number of countries are now implementing quality col