Genomic and transmission dynamics of the 2024 Marburg Virus Outbreak in Rwanda.

Autor: Butera Y; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda. yvan.butera@moh.gov.rw.; Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda. yvan.butera@moh.gov.rw., Mutesa L; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda. l.mutesa@ur.ac.rw.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. l.mutesa@ur.ac.rw.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. l.mutesa@ur.ac.rw., Parker E; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA., Muvunyi R; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Umumararungu E; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Ayitewala A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Musabyimana JP; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Olono A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria., Sesonga P; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Ogunsanya O; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria., Kabalisa E; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Adedokun O; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria., Gahima N; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Irankunda L; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; 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Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Onyeugo GU; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Aragaw M; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Gitundu L; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Bigirimana R; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Fallah M; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Ejikeme A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Sembuche S; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Kabanda A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Mugisha JC; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Francis EES; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Gashema P; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Ndayisenga J; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Rugamba A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda., Kanyabwisha F; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda., Murenzi G; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda., Happi A; African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria., Ngabonziza JCS; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Gashegu M; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Ahmed A; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Bigirimana N; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Rwagasore E; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Semakula M; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda., Rwabihama JP; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda., Musanabaganwa C; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., Seruyange E; Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.; 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Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda. claude.muvunyi@rbc.gov.rw.; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda. claude.muvunyi@rbc.gov.rw.

Publikováno v: Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2024 Dec 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 16.

International Criminal Tribunals and Domestic Accountability : In the Court's Shadow

Autor: Patryk I. Labuda

In the 1990s, the promise of justice for atrocity crimes was associated with the revival of international criminal tribunals (ICTs). More recently, however, there has been a renewed emphasis on domestic accountability for international crimes across