W. D. Foster MA, MD, FRCPATH

Publikováno v: British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), 1981 Jul . 283(6285), 238-238.

Externí odkaz: https://www.jstor.org/stable/29502953

Disentangling Neurodegeneration From Aging in Multiple Sclerosis Using Deep Learning: The Brain-Predicted Disease Duration Gap.

Autor: Pontillo G; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Prados F; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Colman J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Kanber B; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Abdel-Mannan O; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Al-Araji S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Bellenberg B; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Bianchi A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Bisecco A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Brownlee WJ; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Brunetti A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Cagol A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Calabrese M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Castellaro M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Christensen R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Cocozza S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Colato E; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Collorone S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Cortese R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., De Stefano N; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Enzinger C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Filippi M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Foster MA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Gallo A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Gasperini C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Gonzalez-Escamilla G; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Granziera C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Groppa S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Hacohen Y; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Harbo HFF; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., He A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Hogestol EA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Kuhle J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Llufriu S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Lukas C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Martinez-Heras E; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Messina S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Moccia M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Mohamud S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Nistri R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Nygaard GO; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Palace J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Petracca M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Pinter D; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Rocca MA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Rovira A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Ruggieri S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Sastre-Garriga J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Strijbis EM; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Toosy AT; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Uher T; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Valsasina P; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Vaneckova M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Vrenken H; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Wingrove J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Yam C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Schoonheim MM; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Ciccarelli O; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Cole JH; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom., Barkhof F; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.

Publikováno v: Neurology [Neurology] 2024 Nov 26; Vol. 103 (10), pp. e209976. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 04.

Improving criteria for dissemination in space in multiple sclerosis by including additional regions.

Autor: Foster MA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK., Pontillo G; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Davagnanam I; Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK., Collorone S; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK., Prados F; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, London, UK.; Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain., Kanber B; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, London, UK., Yiannakas MC; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK., Ogunbowale L; Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK., Burke A; Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK., Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy., Ciccarelli O; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK., Brownlee W; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK., Barkhof F; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK., Toosy AT; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.

Publikováno v: Annals of clinical and translational neurology [Ann Clin Transl Neurol] 2024 Oct; Vol. 11 (10), pp. 2572-2582. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 30.

Time Lens Photon Doppler Velocimetry (TL-PDV) for extreme measurements.

Autor: Kilic V; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., DiMarco CS; Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Sindri Materials Corp., West Chester, PA, USA., Diamond JM; Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA., Chu P; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA., Ramesh KT; Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA., Wang Z; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA. zwang@lanl.gov., Foster MA; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. mark.foster@jhu.edu.; Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. mark.foster@jhu.edu.

Publikováno v: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Sep 04; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 7732. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 04.

The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Brief Integrative Treatment for Adults With Depression and/or Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Autor: Adrian L. Lopresti PhD, Stephen J. Smith MA, Alexandra P. Metse PhD, Tiffany Foster MA, Peter D. Drummond PhD

Publikováno v: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Vol 25 (2020)

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and suitability of a brief integrative intervention, Personalized Integrative Therapy (PI Therapy), for the treatment of adult depression and/or anxiety. In this 6-week, 3-arm, parallel-group, ran

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/8221448b220b4cfcabaaf897b798eaaf