A note on error bars as a graphical representation of the variability of data in biomedical research: choosing between standard deviation and standard error of the mean

Autor: Li Tang, PhD, Hui Zhang, PhD, Bo Zhang, PhD

Publikováno v: Journal of Pancreatology, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 69-71 (2019)

Abstract. Standard deviation (SD) and standard error of the mean (SEM) have been applied widely as error bars in scientific plots. Unfortunately, there is no universally accepted principle addressing which of these 2 measures should be used. Here we

Externí odkaz: https://doaj.org/article/ac0fabd204444646afd88aa8294fb5a5

Product Substitution After A Real-World Menthol Ban: A Cohort Study.

Autor: Chaiton M; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Papadhima I; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Schwartz R; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Cohen JE; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Soule EK; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Zhang B; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University., Eissenberg T; Michael Chaiton, PhD, Scientist, Centre For Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ismina Papadhima, MSc, Research Assistant, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Robert Schwartz, PhD, Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Joanna E. Cohen, PhD, Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Eric K. Soule, PhD, Assistant Professor, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Bo Zhang, PhD, Project Officer, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Thomas Eissenberg, PhD, Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University.

Publikováno v: Tobacco regulatory science [Tob Regul Sci] 2020 May; Vol. 6 (3), pp. 205-212.