Lower or Higher Oxygenation Targets for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.

Autor: Schjørring OL; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Klitgaard TL; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Perner A; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Wetterslev J; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Lange T; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Siegemund M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Bäcklund M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Keus F; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Laake JH; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Morgan M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Thormar KM; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Rosborg SA; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Bisgaard J; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Erntgaard AES; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Lynnerup AH; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Pedersen RL; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Crescioli E; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Gielstrup TC; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Behzadi MT; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Poulsen LM; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Estrup S; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Laigaard JP; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Andersen C; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Mortensen CB; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Brand BA; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., White J; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Jarnvig IL; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Møller MH; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Quist L; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Bestle MH; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Schønemann-Lund M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Kamper MK; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Hindborg M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Hollinger A; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Gebhard CE; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Zellweger N; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Meyhoff CS; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Hjort M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Bech LK; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Grøfte T; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Bundgaard H; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Østergaard LHM; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Thyø MA; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Hildebrandt T; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Uslu B; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Sølling CG; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Møller-Nielsen N; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Brøchner AC; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Borup M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Okkonen M; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Dieperink W; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Pedersen UG; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Andreasen AS; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Buus L; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Aslam TN; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Winding RR; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Schefold JC; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Thorup SB; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Iversen SA; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Engstrøm J; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Kjær MN; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.)., Rasmussen BS; From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg (O.L.S., T.L.K., S.A.R., J.B., A.E.S.E., A.-S.H.L., R.L.P., E.C., T.C.G., M.T.B., B.S.R.), Zealand University Hospital, Køge (L.M.P., S.E., J.P.L., C.A., C.B.M.), Rigshospitalet (A.P., B.A.B., J. Wetterslev, I.-L.J., M.H.M., L.Q., M.-B.N.K.) and the Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health (T.L.), University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, and Frederiksberg Hospital (C.S.M., M. Hjort, L.K.B.) and the Copenhagen Trial Unit (J. White, J.E.), Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerod (M.H.B., M.S.-L., M.K.K., M. Hindborg), Randers Hospital, Randers (T.G., H.B.), Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby North, Aarhus (L.H.M.Ø., M.A.T.), Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde (T.H., B.U.), Viborg Hospital, Viborg (C.G.S., N.M.-N.), Kolding Hospital, Kolding (A.C.B., M. Bäcklund), Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre (U.G.P.), Herlev Hospital, Herlev (A.S.A.), Horsens Hospital, Horsens (L.B.), Herning Hospital, Herning (R.R.W.), Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk (S.B.T.), and Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse (S.A.I.) - all in Denmark; the Department of Intensive Care and Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel (M.S., A.H., C.E.G., N.Z.), and the Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern (J.C.S.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (M.B., M.O.); the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (F.K., W.D.); the Departments of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and of Clinical Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (J.H.L., T.N.A.); the Department of Intensive Care, Cardiff University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (M.M.); and the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.M.T.).

Publikováno v: The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2021 Apr 08; Vol. 384 (14), pp. 1301-1311. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 20.

Preferring to manage by myself: A qualitative study of the perspectives of hardly reached people with type 2 diabetes on social support for diabetes management.

Autor: Bech LK; Abdominal Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Borch Jacobsen C; Abdominal Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Haematology, Finsen Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark., Mathiesen AS; Abdominal Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark., Thomsen T; Abdominal Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Health Science, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Publikováno v: Journal of clinical nursing [J Clin Nurs] 2019 May; Vol. 28 (9-10), pp. 1889-1898. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 15.