Recommendations for clinical trial design in acute kidney injury from the 31st acute disease quality initiative consensus conference. A consensus statement.

Autor: Zarbock A; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany. zarbock@uni-muenster.de.; Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA. zarbock@uni-muenster.de., Forni LG; Depatment of Critical Care, Royal Surrey Hospital Foundation Trust, Guildford, Surrey, UK.; School of Medicine, Kate Granger Building, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK., Koyner JL; Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Bell S; Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK., Reis T; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.; Fenix Nephrology, São Paulo, Brazil.; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil., Meersch M; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany., Bagshaw SM; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Fuhmann DY; UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Suite 2000, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.; Center for Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Liu KD; Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Pannu N; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Arikan AA; Division of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA., Angus DC; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Duquette D; Critical Care Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada., Goldstein SL; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA., Hoste E; Intensive Care Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Joannidis M; Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Jongs N; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands., Legrand M; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA., Mehta RL; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA., Murray PT; School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Nadim MK; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ostermann M; Department of Intensive Care, King's College London, Thomas' Hospital, Guy's & St, London, UK., Prowle J; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., See EJ; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.; Department of Intensive Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Selby NM; Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., Shaw AD; Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA., Srisawat N; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Center of Excellence in Critical Care Nephrology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Ronco C; Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.; International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRV), Vicenza, Italy.; Department of Nephrology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy., Kellum JA; Center for Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Publikováno v: Intensive care medicine [Intensive Care Med] 2024 Sep; Vol. 50 (9), pp. 1426-1437. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 08.

Quantifying the Impact of Alternative Definitions of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury on its Incidence and Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Autor: Donaldson LH; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Vlok R; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Sakurai K; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Burrows M; Intensive Care Unit, North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., McDonald G; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Venkatesh K; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Bagshaw SM; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Bellomo R; Department of Intensive Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Delaney A; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Myburgh J; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Hammond NE; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia., Venkatesh B; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; Intensive Care Unit, Princess Alexandra and Wesley Hospitals, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Publikováno v: Critical care medicine [Crit Care Med] 2024 Aug 01; Vol. 52 (8), pp. 1264-1274. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 01.

The trajectory of very old critically ill patients.

Autor: Guidet B; Medical ICU, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Réanimation Médicale, 75012, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 75013, Paris, France. bertrand.guidet@aphp.fr., Vallet H; Department of Geriatrics, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Saint Antoine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75012, Paris, France., Flaatten H; Department of Clinical Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Department of Research and Development, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Joynt G; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong., Bagshaw SM; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada., Leaver SK; George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK., Beil M; Department of Medical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel., Du B; Medical Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China., Forte DN; Departament of Emergency Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil., Angus DC; Critical Care Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA., Sviri S; Department of Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel., de Lange D; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Herridge MS; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Critical Care and Respiratory Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto General Research Institute, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Jung C; Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Angiology, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Publikováno v: Intensive care medicine [Intensive Care Med] 2024 Feb; Vol. 50 (2), pp. 181-194. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 18.

Antibiotic Treatment for 7 versus 14 Days in Patients with Bloodstream Infections.

Autor: Daneman N; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Rishu A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Pinto R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Rogers BA; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Shehabi Y; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Parke R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Cook D; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Arabi Y; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Muscedere J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Reynolds S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Hall R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Dwivedi DB; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., McArthur C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., McGuinness S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Yahav D; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Coburn B; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Geagea A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Das P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Shin P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Detsky M; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Morris A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Fralick M; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Powis JE; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Kandel C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Sligl W; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Bagshaw SM; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Singhal N; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Belley-Cote E; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Whitlock R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Khwaja K; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Morpeth S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Kazemi A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Williams A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., MacFadden DR; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., McIntyre L; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Tsang J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Lamontagne F; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Carignan A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Marshall J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Friedrich JO; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Cirone R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Downing M; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Graham C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Davis J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Duan E; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Neary J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Evans G; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Alraddadi B; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Al Johani S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Martin C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Elsayed S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Ball I; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Lauzier F; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Turgeon A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Stelfox HT; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Conly J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., McDonald EG; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Lee TC; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Sullivan R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Grant J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Kagan I; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Young P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Lawrence C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., O'Callaghan K; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Eustace M; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Choong K; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Aslanian P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Buehner U; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Havey T; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Binnie A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Prazak J; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Reeve B; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Litton E; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Lother S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Kumar A; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Zarychanski R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Hoffman T; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Paterson D; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Daley P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Commons RJ; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Charbonney E; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Naud JF; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Roberts S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Tiruvoipati R; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Gupta S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Wood G; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Shum O; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Miyakis S; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Dodek P; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Kwok C; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.)., Fowler RA; From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (N.D.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.R.), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R. Pinto); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (B.A.R.), the Department of Intensive Care, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Y.S.); the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Parke); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (D.C.); the Intensive Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Y.A.); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (J. Muscedere), the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (S. Reynolds), Critical Care Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (R.H.); Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia (D.B.D.); Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand (C. McArthur), the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. (S. McGuinness); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, and Faculty of medicine, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel (D.Y.); Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (B.C.); Critical Care Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto (A.G., P.S.), Infectious Diseases, North York General Hospital, Toronto (P. Das), Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Detsky), the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto (A.M.); Sinai Health, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto, Toronto (M.F.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.E.P.), Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto (C. Kandel), Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (W.S.), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (S.M.B.), the Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (N.S.), the Department of Anaesthesia, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.B.-C.), the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (R.W.), the Departments of Surgery and Critical Care, McGill University Health Center, Montreal (K.K.); the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, Middlemore hospital, University of Auckland, New Zealand (S. Morpeth), Organ Donation New Zealand, New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand (A. Kazemi), Intensive Care Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (A.W.); the Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa (D.R.M.), the Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (L.M.), Niagara Health Knowledge Institute, Niagara Health, St. Catharines, ON, Canada (J.T.), the Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (F. Lamontagne); the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada (A.C.), Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto (J. Marshall); Critical Care and Medicine, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (J.O.F.), Critical Care Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (R.C.), the Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto (M. Downing), the Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto (C.G.); the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (J.D.); the Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (E.D.), St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.N.), the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (G.E.); the Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.A.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (S.A.); the Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (C. Martin); the Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada (S.E.), the Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada (I.B.), the Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (F. Lauzier), the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada (A.T.), the Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada (H.T.S.), the Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services (Calgary), Calgary, AB, Canada (J.C.), the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (E.G.M.), the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal (T.C.L.); the Department Infectious Diseases, St. George Hospital, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney (R.S.); the Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.G.); the Intensive Care Unit, Rabin Medical Centers, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.K.); the Intensive Care Research Programme, Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (P.Y.), Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. (C.L.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD, Australia (K.O.), Infectious Diseases, Redcliffe Hospital, University of Queensland, Redcliffe, Australia (M.E.), Infectious Diseases, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia (K.C.); Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (P.A.); the Department of Anaesthesia, Rotorua Hospital, Rotorua, New Zealand (U.B.); Infectious Diseases, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (T. Havey), Critical Care Medicine, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada (A.B.); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.P.); Brantford General Hospital, McMaster University, Brantford, ON, Canada (B.R.); the Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA, Australia (E.L.); the Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (S.L.), the Division of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (A. Kumar), the Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (R.Z.); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (T. Hoffman); the Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. (D.P.); Infectious Diseases, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada (P. Daley); General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R.J.C.); Service des soins intensifs, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal (E.C.), Critical Care Medicine, CIUSSS MCQ CHAUR, University of Montreal, Montreal (J.-F.N.); Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (S. Roberts); the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, VIC, Australia (R.T.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Critical Care, Island Health Authority, Royal Jubilee Hospital, British Columbia, Victoria, Canada (G.W.); Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (O.S.), Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia (S. Miyakis); the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (P. Dodek), Infectious Diseases, Richmond Hospital, Richmond, BC, Canada (C. Kwok), and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (R.A.F.).

Publikováno v: The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2024 Nov 20. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 20.

Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock: Refining the AEIOUs in Cardiovascular Patients.

Autor: Wiens EJ; Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Jentzer JC; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA., Miller PE; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA., Vallabhajosyula S; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Brown University Health Cardiovascular Institute, Providence, Rhode Island, USA., Berg DD; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Bagshaw SM; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., van Diepen S; Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: sv9@ualberta.ca.

Publikováno v: The Canadian journal of cardiology [Can J Cardiol] 2024 Nov 07. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 07.