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Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects
Autor:
Neville S. Barrett, Russell C. Babcock, Angel C. Alcala, Nick T. Shears, Tim R. McClanahan, Garry R. Russ, Kevin D. Lafferty, Graham J. Edgar
Publikováno v:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107:18256-18261
Decadal-scale observations of marine reserves suggest that indirect effects on taxa that occur through cascading trophic interactions take longer to develop than direct effects on target species. Combining and analyzing a unique set of long-term time