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Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 41:1304-1315
Itai-itai (Japanese, "It hurts! It hurts!") disease (IID), a form of osteomalacia, can be induced in ovariectomized rats by long-term administration of cadmium (Cd). This IID rat model shows severe anemia, severe nephropathy, and osteomalacia accompa
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 30:694-698
The intact female weanling version in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) uterotrophic assay Test Guideline (TG) 440 is proposed as an alternative to the adult ovariectomized female version, because it does not involve su
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 30:53-58
Although recent studies have demonstrated prenatal nicotine can increase cardiovascular risk in the offspring, it is unknown whether exposure to nicotine during pregnancy also may be a risk for development of arrhythmia in the offspring. In addition,
Autor:
Joseph P. Hanig, Richard D. Beger, Laura K. Schnackenberg, Jun Zhang, Parvaneh Espandiari, Terry J. Miller, Eugene H. Herman, Alan Knapton
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 28:628-637
A multi-age rat model was evaluated as a means to identify a potential age-related difference in liver injury following exposure to valproic acid (VPA), a known pediatric hepatotoxic agent. Different age groups of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (10-, 25-,
Autor:
Gautam Anshoo, Satish C. Pant, A. S. Kulkarni, S. K. Raza, A. O. Prakash, H. T. Satish, R. C. Malhotra, Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan, Uma Pathak
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 26:115-125
Sulfur mustard (SM), chemically bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide is a bifunctional alkylating agent that causes serious blisters on contact with human skin. Although several antidotes have been reported for the systemic toxicity of SM in experimental anim
Autor:
David Monteith, Bartley W. Halstead, Brian R. Berridge, Craig E. Thomas, Ryan E. Morgan, Rita K. Bowers, Craig Zwickl
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 26:169-177
Phospholipidosis, or intracellular accumulation of phospholipids, is caused by specific classes of xenobiotics. This phenomenon represents a challenge for risk assessment that could benefit from the use of biomarkers in the clinical development of ne
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 26:301-308
This study was carried out to investigate comparatively the frequency of apoptosis in lung epithelial cells after intratracheal instillation of endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] in rats and the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on ap
Autor:
Hideaki Shimada, Yorishige Imamura
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 24:437-441
This study was designed to elucidate strain- and sex-related differences of carbonyl reductase activity in rat kidney by using the oral antidiabetic drug acetohexamide as substrate. The frequency distribution of carbonyl reductase activities in kidne
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 22:227-236
The subchronic toxicity of chloral hydrate, a disinfection byproduct, was studied in rats following 13 weeks of drinking water exposure. Male (262 +/- 10 g) and female (190 +/- 8 g) Sprague-Dawley rats, ten animals per group, were administered chlora
Publikováno v:
Journal of Applied Toxicology. 21:307-316
Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (14–18 days of gestation) were treated with a single cutaneous subclinical dose(s) of 10 mg kg−1 (15% of LD50) of methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) and 65 mg kg−1 (15% of LD50) of diaz