Zobrazeno 1 - 2
of 2
pro vyhledávání: '"Peter G, Shields"'
Autor:
Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Sharon S Allen, Sharon E. Murphy, Stephen S. Hecht, Mustafa al'Absi, Peter G. Shields, Margarita Kangkum, Xianghua Luo, Laura Dick
Publikováno v:
Addiction. 112:156-167
Aims To compare the use of alternative nicotine products, smoking behavior and tobacco biomarker exposure in smokers unwilling to quit who were assigned randomly to normal nicotine content (NNC) cigarettes or very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarett
Autor:
Yan Zhang, Sharon E. Murphy, Sharon S Allen, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Louise Hertsgaard, Stephen S. Hecht, Joni Jensen, Michael Kotlyar, Peter G. Shields, Irina Stepanov, Steven G. Carmella
Publikováno v:
Addiction. 105:343-355
Aims To examine the effects of reduced nicotine cigarettes on smoking behavior, toxicant exposure, dependence andabstinence.Design Randomized,parallelarm,semi-blindedstudy.Setting Universityof MinnesotaTobaccoUse Research Center.Interventions Six wee