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Autor:
Adam Rumjon
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 51:196-200
Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. The most important contributory factor is an abnormally low circulating concentration of erythropoietin, which is produced by the kidney peritubular cells. Anaemia of kidney disease is likel
Autor:
Jonathan Hinton, Michael Mahmoudi
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 50:408-411
Physical activity (PA) has been demonstrated to have a powerful role in reducing cardiovascular risk and is therefore universally recommended by international guidelines. Although there is a dose-dependent risk reduction with increasing levels of PA,
Publikováno v:
Medicine.
Acute liver failure is a life-threatening illness precipitated by an acute liver injury in patients with no pre-existing liver disease. Acute viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury account for most cases, the clinical course characterized by t
Autor:
Sonia Raffe, Gillian Dean
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 50:285-289
There are many different causes of female pelvic pain, some of which can be life-threatening while others can have long-term implications for fertility. It can be difficult to identify the underlying cause of pelvic pain as many conditions have simil
Autor:
Suneeta Soni, Sonia Raffe
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 50:210-215
The laboratory plays an essential role in the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The ability to make an accurate diagnosis is essential because of the individual and public health implications associated with an STI diagnosis. This
Autor:
Rebecca Batten, David Coady
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 50:90-95
Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common cause of disability in the UK. They are associated with significant morbidity and polypharmacy, particularly in an ageing population with multiple co-morbidities. Two programmes of examination that have b
Autor:
Ariane L. Herrick
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 50:60-69
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) differs from other multisystem connective tissue/autoimmune diseases in that its clinical features result mainly from a combination of fibrosis and vascular abnormality (rather than from inflammation). This has major implicat
Autor:
Andrew Woodhouse
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 49:667-674
Central nervous system infections are associated with a high mortality and morbidity in all population groups. Early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis and brain abscess leads to improved outcomes. Suspected bacterial meningitis should b
Autor:
Paul J. Newey
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 49:539-543
Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) describes the occurrence of tumours affecting two or more endocrine glands in one patient. Two main forms are recognized: MEN type 1 (MEN1) and type 2 (MEN2). MEN1 is characterized by the combined occurrence of para
Autor:
Emma Craythorne, Prini Nicholson
Publikováno v:
Medicine. 49:435-440
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the UK, and incidence rates are continuing to increase. We discuss the common presentations, clinical features, examination techniques, referral guidelines, management and prognosis of both non-melanoma skin c